The Israeli Prime Minister's visit to Hungary raises questions about international legal obligations and bilateral relations.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is scheduled to visit Hungary from Wednesday evening to Sunday, despite an outstanding international arrest warrant issued against him by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for alleged war crimes, including the intentional starvation of civilians in Gaza.
The Hungarian government, led by Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, indicated its intention to disregard the ICC's warrant, which it has described as absurd and disgraceful.
This visit is notable as it occurs after the ICC issued its arrest warrant in November 2023.
The invitation for Netanyahu's visit was extended by Orbán in November 2024, shortly after the ICC's ruling.
The Hungarian government has publicly declared its intention to ignore the court's decision and to demonstrate its rejection of it in practice.
This decision has implications for Hungary's ongoing legal dialogues and proceedings regarding its compliance with European Union (EU) laws and obligations.
Netanyahu’s visit comes at a time when he is seeking support from various nations for U.S. President
Donald Trump’s proposed Gaza initiative.
Sources suggest that discussions between Netanyahu and Orbán may focus on potential Hungarian support for Trump’s plans, as well as other matters of mutual interest including energy cooperation in the Mediterranean.
The Hungarian government’s dismissal of the ICC's ruling does not have immediate legal consequences but might contribute to ongoing EU infringement proceedings regarding Hungary's adherence to the rule of law.
This is critical as Hungary navigates issues related to access to EU funds, which remain frozen amid ongoing legal disputes.
Netanyahu's upcoming meeting in Budapest marks the first time the Israeli Prime Minister will visit a EU member state since the issuance of the ICC arrest warrant.
Previous interactions between Israeli and Hungarian leadership have led to collaborations, including the alleged sale of
Pegasus espionage software to Hungary by an Israeli firm, amidst various discussions on shared bilateral interests.
The ICC's arrest warrant against Netanyahu and former Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Galant was made public as a response to the atrocities committed during the violent outbreak on October 7, 2023, when Hamas launched a series of attacks that resulted in significant civilian casualties in Israel.
In retaliation, Israel conducted extensive military operations in Gaza that have led to widespread destruction and humanitarian crises.
The backdrop of Netanyahu's visit includes Hungary's historical positioning regarding its participation in international obligations.
Hungary ratified the Rome Statute of the ICC in 2001, committing to uphold international legal standards and the authority of the court.
However, its recent actions raise questions about the commitment to these principles.
Additionally, the EU's stance on adherence to ICC warrants has implications for Hungary's relationship with the union; the legal and political consequences of disregarding such an order might further complicate Hungary's standing within the EU, particularly as it faces scrutiny over its rule of law and governance practices.
Internationally, while the ICC has stated that member countries must comply with its warrants, compliance is not enforced uniformly; past precedents illustrate the challenges that arise when countries fail to act on such orders.
As Hungary hosts Netanyahu, it navigates a complex web of diplomacy, international legal obligations, and internal legal frameworks that could influence its future relations both within Europe and globally.