Islamic State Khorasan Province Attacks Moscow: A Deep Dive into the Reasons Behind the Assault
Over the weekend, a devastating terrorist attack in Russia sent shockwaves through the global community.
The assault, which took place at the Crocus City Hall concert venue, resulted in the tragic loss of at least 137 lives, with 180 others sustaining injuries. The Islamic State, specifically one of its local factions known as Islamic State Khorasan Province (ISIS-K or IS-KP), has claimed responsibility for the execution of this heinous act. This recent attack has spotlighted what is considered the most dangerous member of the Islamic State.
Formed in 2015 by disillusioned fighters from various Islamist organizations, primarily those who defected from the Taliban, ISIS-K is the Central Asian branch of the Islamic State. Its founders aimed to establish an Islamic state governed by Sharia law across Khorasan a historical region encompassing parts of modern-day Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.
Since its inception, ISIS-K has been embroiled in conflict with Afghan government forces, the American military, and the Taliban. The terrorist organization primarily operates out of Afghanistan's three provinces bordering Pakistan Kunar, Nangarhar, and Nuristan. Lacking advanced weaponry like drones and missiles, they heavily rely on small arms and light weapons. Following the 2021 American withdrawal and Taliban's ascendancy, the group saw an influx of former soldiers and police officers joining its ranks, with estimates placing their numbers between 2,000 and 6,000 fighters.
Despite their efforts, ISIS-K has struggled to capture cohesive, large territories in Afghanistan or in neighboring states due to stern opposition from governments, including the Taliban. Leadership within the terror group remains murky, especially after the Taliban killed its former leader, Sanaullah Ghafari, in a raid last year. The enmity between the Taliban and ISIS-K might seem surprising at first glance, but it is entirely logical. The Taliban's goal was to fight for an independent Afghanistan under Islamic law, while ISIS-K aspires to establish a Central Asian caliphate, leaving no room for an independent Afghan state. ISIS-K criticizes the Taliban for perceived leniency, branding them as soft and puppeteered by America, and is particularly disturbed by the Taliban's more tolerant stance towards Shiites.
Terror Group Shows No Restraint in Methods
Unable to proclaim a caliphate in Afghanistan or any neighboring countries, ISIS-K has instead drawn attention through brutal terror acts. Since 2015, they have executed hundreds of attacks across the region, targeting mosques, schools, hotels, offices, embassies, and military bases with the majority occurring in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and some in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
One of the most attention-grabbing incidents was the attack on Kabul airport in 2021, amidst the American withdrawal, which resulted in the deaths of 170 Afghans and 13 American soldiers. Earlier this year, the group expanded its targets to other countries: in Iran, two suicide bombers detonated themselves near the tomb of Qasem Soleimani during a commemoration of the commander's death, claiming nearly a hundred lives.
Furthermore, they were linked to a planned attack on the Cologne Cathedral in Germany for New Year's. Just last week, German authorities arrested two Afghan citizens suspected of joining Islamic State Khorasan Province last year and planning an armed assault near the Swedish parliament.
The Moscow Terror Attack: Nearly a Thousand Evacuated from the Hospital Treating the Victims
The Moscow-based Pirogov Hospital, where victims of the weekend's terror attack were being treated, had to be evacuated due to a bomb threat. An anonymous letter claimed that backpacks filled with explosives were placed on several levels of the hospital. Initially, Russian news channels reported that 700 people were evacuated from Pirogov, but the number has risen to over 900.
This particular interest of the terror group in Russia stems from their belief that President Vladimir Putin and his regime are responsible for killing Muslims, likely exacerbated by Moscow's intervention in the Syrian civil war alongside President Bashar al-Assad and its contribution to the group's defeat in Syria through airstrikes.
Formed in 2015 by disillusioned fighters from various Islamist organizations, primarily those who defected from the Taliban, ISIS-K is the Central Asian branch of the Islamic State. Its founders aimed to establish an Islamic state governed by Sharia law across Khorasan a historical region encompassing parts of modern-day Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.
Since its inception, ISIS-K has been embroiled in conflict with Afghan government forces, the American military, and the Taliban. The terrorist organization primarily operates out of Afghanistan's three provinces bordering Pakistan Kunar, Nangarhar, and Nuristan. Lacking advanced weaponry like drones and missiles, they heavily rely on small arms and light weapons. Following the 2021 American withdrawal and Taliban's ascendancy, the group saw an influx of former soldiers and police officers joining its ranks, with estimates placing their numbers between 2,000 and 6,000 fighters.
Despite their efforts, ISIS-K has struggled to capture cohesive, large territories in Afghanistan or in neighboring states due to stern opposition from governments, including the Taliban. Leadership within the terror group remains murky, especially after the Taliban killed its former leader, Sanaullah Ghafari, in a raid last year. The enmity between the Taliban and ISIS-K might seem surprising at first glance, but it is entirely logical. The Taliban's goal was to fight for an independent Afghanistan under Islamic law, while ISIS-K aspires to establish a Central Asian caliphate, leaving no room for an independent Afghan state. ISIS-K criticizes the Taliban for perceived leniency, branding them as soft and puppeteered by America, and is particularly disturbed by the Taliban's more tolerant stance towards Shiites.
Terror Group Shows No Restraint in Methods
Unable to proclaim a caliphate in Afghanistan or any neighboring countries, ISIS-K has instead drawn attention through brutal terror acts. Since 2015, they have executed hundreds of attacks across the region, targeting mosques, schools, hotels, offices, embassies, and military bases with the majority occurring in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and some in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
One of the most attention-grabbing incidents was the attack on Kabul airport in 2021, amidst the American withdrawal, which resulted in the deaths of 170 Afghans and 13 American soldiers. Earlier this year, the group expanded its targets to other countries: in Iran, two suicide bombers detonated themselves near the tomb of Qasem Soleimani during a commemoration of the commander's death, claiming nearly a hundred lives.
Furthermore, they were linked to a planned attack on the Cologne Cathedral in Germany for New Year's. Just last week, German authorities arrested two Afghan citizens suspected of joining Islamic State Khorasan Province last year and planning an armed assault near the Swedish parliament.
The Moscow Terror Attack: Nearly a Thousand Evacuated from the Hospital Treating the Victims
The Moscow-based Pirogov Hospital, where victims of the weekend's terror attack were being treated, had to be evacuated due to a bomb threat. An anonymous letter claimed that backpacks filled with explosives were placed on several levels of the hospital. Initially, Russian news channels reported that 700 people were evacuated from Pirogov, but the number has risen to over 900.
This particular interest of the terror group in Russia stems from their belief that President Vladimir Putin and his regime are responsible for killing Muslims, likely exacerbated by Moscow's intervention in the Syrian civil war alongside President Bashar al-Assad and its contribution to the group's defeat in Syria through airstrikes.
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Translated by AI
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